I'm a 69 yr old post-modernist post-structuralist.

I'm a 69 yr old post-modernist post-structuralist. That's my field. I have formal academic credentials and have published in this field. If you go through my house you would expect there might be two people living there -- although I've stopped sorting clothes according to "M" and "F" and now sort according to what works. As much as I would like, I don't wear skirts and dresses in public -- except on Halloween when some don't realize that I'm "in costume." (I can pass.)

There is a fundamental erotic component to gender ID. Gender presentation is pretty much a well defined social code which signals (signifies) sexual orientation and behavior,. The queer that we are amongst us develops a more nuanced "reading" of gender presentation. It's been called "gay-dar" by the homosexually endowed. Gender presentation is about "reading signifiers" in how one dresses, speaks, acts. Judith Butler, Ph.D. UC Berkeley talks about this gender presentation in terms of "performance" -- and as mortals we are ineluctably fated to perform the social dance that makes us human, sexual beings. "Camp" as in "drag queen" is a satirical social commentary upon the gender signifiers we use in our hetero-normative discourse.

Crossing the gender bounaries is a trespass. It is a violation of the social contract and, arguably, a "masquerade" . . . an identity fraud with dire social ramifications if/when discovered. Basically this is the question we pose in "Can I pass? Do I pass?"

And so let's argue that being able to "pass" is about masquerade. "It's not who I am. but it is about who I dream of being."

Or you can subvert the gender code of the interpretive community (hetero fascist, hetero-normative) and deconstruct, post-modernize the poetics of the gender code we speak. This would be the poetics of a new gender dialect, new language forms. 

di·a·lect

ˈdīəˌlekt/

noun

noun: dialect; plural noun: dialects

1. a particular form of a language that is peculiar to a specific region or social group.

   
   

   "this novel is written in the dialect of Trinidad"

   
   

   synonyms:

   regional language, local language, local speech, vernacular, patois, idiom; More regionalisms, localisms; informallingo "the island dialect was influenced by the Spanish in the sixteenth century"

   • Computing

     a particular version of a programming language.

Origin

mid 16th century (denoting the art of investigating the truth of opinions): from French dialecte, or via Latin from Greek dialektos ‘discourse, way of speaking,’ from dialegesthai ‘converse with’ (see dialogue).

If we deconstruct the boundaries of the gender code, we no longer need concern ourselves about “trespassing” – or actually just plain ol' cross-gendering “passing” in a hetero-fascist world.

The header on my blog rallies: "Appropriate & subvert the patriarchal semiotic hegemony of the hetero-normative dyad!"

Only these days I'd change “patriarchal” to “masculinist hetero-fascist.” I'm a big fan of Judith Butler and I relish the notion she suggests in appropriation and subversion. We can change the gender language we speak.

Oregon recently changed gender designation on the DMV driver license. No hoops, no hormones, no surgery, we can now in Oregon (first in the nation) designate “sex” as “X” and in that choice of signifiers we can deconstruct the the rigid gender dyad of “M” or “F.”

Law became effective July 1, 2017. I changed my sex to “X” on July 5 – DMV was closed on Independence Day. Along with a re-issue of license, DMV provided me with a new mug shot. Now with long hair, earrings, and years more radical feminist than my previous photo in shirt/tie, conventional male hair, no ear-rings. My 2003 issued US Federal Defense Dept. ID has me with a shaved head – like SkinHead O'Conner. 

 

The only other ID I could find with gender designation is my Oregon Concealed Weapon Permit. I suggest and the Sheriff seems to agree that “sex” on these two documents should match – insofar as the DMV license is the primary source for ID in the Concealed Weapon Permit.

But I digress –

The photo in the new Oregon DMV issued driver license looks amazingly gender ambiguous! It is not a masquerade, and I am not trying to “pass.” This is a photo of me, who I am, how I identify.

I'm pretty asexual, although that's a slippery theoretical term right now. I'm attracted to conventionally presented women, and I particularly don't care for most things “macho.” (And there's a great deal of goatee, dip, spit, cammo, pickup, Carhartt, and romeo footwear presented in this socio-evirons . . . )

I am aware of the gender dyad and my position within that realm. That said, we're not working to “pass” and I'm becoming increasingly suspicious of the essentialist arguments for what passes as “femme” in this socio-cultural dialect, this semiotic system of ours whereby we convey our sexual and gender identity.

And of course it simplifies matters immeasurably if we rule out sexual intercourse from the sexual discourse. I am me. My sexual orientation/behavior is unilateral and non-dialectical. That makes it easier for me to be who I am. And these days when I look into the mirror I see me, and we don't see either particular end of the dyad, but rather the interstitial space between the overlapping bell curves.

"Sans Sexual / Sans Gendered" Continued --

Let's assume, since you're reading this, that you appreciate the theoretical distinction between "sex" and "gender."

Inevitably it seems theory directed discussions of gender turn to considerations of sexual practice, partners, behaviors, identities, etc. Seemingly gender presentation is intrinsically linked to sexual orientation.

Jack (Judith) Halberstam in Female Masculinity notes rather extensively that presentation of female masculinity is a codified paradigm of lesbian sexual orientation/behavior. Reductively stated female masculinity presents a codified sexual vernacular relating to sexual behavior/preference. Reductively stated, female masculinity is a codified presentation about which sexual partner in a lesbian relationship assumes a "dominant" role.

Think about this for a second -- Essentially "female masculinity" is asserting that there is a "masculine" sexuality and that cis-F "gender inverts" (trans whatever) present as "butch" as a semiotic code for a certain sex-role stereotype:  This  "masculine" presentation/orientation is dominant and  the "lipstick lesbian" is submissive. This seems as sexist as it appears.

Similarly -- and this is an admittedly over-simplified generalization -- M to F cis-M often "transition" in order to present as "female" and accordingly adopt the "passive" participant role in gay male sex acts. This too seems as sexist as it appears.

Is there something teleological about testosterone and behavior? Sexual behavior appears "hard wired" in other species: horses, roosters, cattle, canines, all sorts of felines, spawning salmon . . .

This concept of "hard wired" sexual behavior is part of the "essentialist" paradigm, that there are traits and behaviors intrinsic to sex: "Girls play with dolls. Boys prefer trucks."  And of course the radical feminist Weltanschauung rejects these essentialist presumptions. My sister drives trucks, long-haul, semi triple-trailers interstate transport; she owns and rides motorcycles. Allison here is cis-M. I like flowers, jewelry making, baking, floral prints with lace trim . . . For the record, my sister likes flowers, jewelry, lace trim. I own three Harley-Davidson, and more firearms than I can count.

Sexual essentialism may function rigidly for other animal species, but humans as social and linguistic beings manage to deconstruct and problematize the essentialism of the hetero-normative dyad. Post Modern writers like Rita Felski "Fin de Siecle, Fin du Sexe" (1996 in Transgender Studies Reader) argue the post-modern ahistorical view of sex/gender, noting that media images (semiotics/iconography) is both iterative and pervasive, that our epistemological Weltanschauung is always already a recapitulation of previous experience. Felski compares Baudrillard and Donna Haraway as regards the deconstruction and problematizing of gender semes, gender signifiers (referents). Like the [apocryphal] Chinese symbol for "crisis" that is comprised of two signs, "danger" and "opportunity," Felski reads Baudrillard's post modern point of view as danger, chaos, deterioration of meaning. Haraway views these deconstructions as opportunities for new narratives.

For the sake of presumption, sex  and sexual orientation are "hard wired" in an individual.  Gender presentation may be dynamic, fluid, ambiguous, "unintelligible" but sexual behavior and orientation seem fundamentally stable, biologically determined, fixed. Nonetheless, just because sexuality is seemingly "fixed" does not at all infer that it is structured around the "hetero-normative dyad." The hetero-normative dyad may well be the predominate sexual paradigm, but predomination does not confer privileged status. Linguistically, the hetero-normative dyad is the "received prestige dialect" of the Western culture the masculinist hetero-normative dyad. Other sexual orientations are linguistically akin to idiolects, pidgin, socio-cultural variation. "Gay cultures" have their own socio-cultural idiolects. Gay cultures often refer to these idiolects as "gay-dar" -- like radar that signifies culturally coded meaning in presentations that those not "speaking" the idiolect do not readily "read."

Let's suggest here, for the sake of discourse, that "gay" sexuality is a socio-cultural idiolect that conveys (signifies, communicates) sexual orientation and status. I know "stone butch" when I see them. Liberace is an easier "read" than some. Gay men share their own distinct ideolect.

Judith Butler speculates about "recasting the referent as the signified." The lexicon of referents we have for signifying sex/gender orientation, sex/gender ontological identity needs to become (transmogrify) that signified objective discourse which we recast as a dialectical narrative. Hence the lexicon of referents become a sort of Kantian "ding an sich."  This recasting of referents is the linguistic task of the interpretive community.

The current prestige dialect in our gendered interpretive community is masculinist hetero-fascist, and dyadically dogmatic. Foucault and a litany of other gender theorists note that "sexual inverts" are a recent referential development. "Homosexual" was coined from statistical studies of Kinsey and others. Because "sex/gender inversion" is a statistical anomaly, it has been signified by-and-large as "deviant" and "pathological."

By-and-large the hetero-normative dyad is not so much defined according to what it is, but rather according to what it is not. This narrative dyad is linguistically mediational: We have strict gender dyad presentation referents, enforced by the interpretive community as socially prescribed and rigidly determinative of a linguistic "ideolect" of sexuality which is comprehensible.  The hetero-normative dyad is seemingly the received dialect. Deviant sexuality, deviant gender presentation is semiotically anomalous. Arguably anomalous sexuality is referenced with the [deviant] pathos of the "not" function, typically socio/culturally proscribed, often unlawful, and quite possibly "unintelligible."

--- in process -----

Sans Sexual, Sans Gender --

 Cross Dreamer post --
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I get lost in this down the rabbit hole gender world  . . .

Is Kate Bornstein, a natal born cis-M MTF writing "Gender Outlaw" . . . is this a radical feminist view? Is Jack Halberstam, formerly Judith and writing about "Female Masculinity" and butch lesbian sexual endeavors  . . .  is this a radical feminist view?

I claim to be a radical feminist, trans whatever, "queer" borne (sic) with a dick.

I remember a cartoon in Playboy magazine, the archetypal New York cocktail party and a Caucasian guy is asking an Afro, black, negro, 'colored person' . . .  whatever, "Just exactly what is it you're calling yourselves these days?"

I have a link on the blog about "Identity Politics" -- The Stanford Plato Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

I read Jack (Judith) Halberstam Female Masculinity and realize that Jack is talking about me, a "radical butch lesbian."

Sex is a linguistics function in my world -- communication about how and with whom we do sexual engagement. Linguistics is semiotic. The Semiotics that we use to convey sexual status is all about gender. Judith Butler (Gender Theory, UC Berkeley) asserts that the idea of gender is a semiotic paradigm, culturally determined, part of the discursive processes of the interpretive community.

The sexual discourse I engage is pretty much that "I'm not a player. I'm an observant bystander. We like it that way." We're critical -- politically and theoretically -- of the "hetero-normative dyad. We have been know to view it as "the masculinist, hetero-fascist dyad." We don't buy into the binary dyad paradigm. "If not A then B." If not male then female. We were once updating personal settings on FaceBook and came to "sex -- male / female." I was stuck with the reaction: "Jeez! That's not much of a choice!"

We feel the same about restrooms. Gratefully lots of businesses are realizing that "single serve" rest-rooms don't need to specify a gender. FaceBook is opting for more diverse gender specification, even allowing creative, original input from users.

Sandy Stone has a curriculum set out from the U of Texas, "Borders: Dangerous Violations" -- and it's linked from my blog. (Of course it's linked! LMAO)

Of late I'm intrigued with the idea of "queering the boundaries" . . . no hormones, no surgery, we don't worry about "passing" and sometimes present as "gender unintelligible." Some days more unintelligible than others. People who appreciate gender boundaries and gender ID ask me "What are you calling yourself these days? How do you wish to be addressed?" -- This came up for me recently in the VA Medical Center (hospital) where VA assigned me to a 4 bed ward for men. They wanted to check me for bedsores, 12 point lead EKG . . .  and staff begins to appreciate that I am "gender atypical." They find me a private room, private bath so I don't need to share with cis-M. It's a privacy consideration for the cis-M on the ward as much as it is for me. "Is there a particular way you prefer to be addressed?"

"First name. Please don't call me 'sir' or 'Mr.' I answer to 'professor' a lot."

My blog lays it out -- The blog banner sums it up:

ALLISON WUNDERLAND'S TRANSCEND DANCE
☆☆☆ "Appropriate & subvert the patriarchal semiotic hegemony of the hetero-normative dyad!" ☆☆☆

Read the blog! --

There's an image there, on the blog. Two overlapping bell curves.



We're a smidge to the left of the intersecting deviations, but only ontologically and chromosomally. We're not happy where we sit, but then we're not happy about pushing seven decades and having grey hair. What's a girl gonna do?

Post-Structuralist Jacques Derrida asserts: "All readings are mis-readings." And so I assert that the gender reading I get tagged with is a mis-reading, and that I am pushing assiduously to "Appropriate & subvert the patriarchal semiotic hegemony of the hetero-normative dyad!" I appropriate and subvert incessantly, some days more than others.

And so, I'm not much concerned with how I feel when out "femme" -- I'm curious about how I'm read when doing the "stone butch Harley biker" presentation, but I concede that it's "street theatre" and a bit of an ontological "masque."

We "queer the binary" -- "sans gender" a stone butch Harley biker some days, with a dick. Radical feminist gender theorist.

Can we discuss gender theory, rather than "What shoes go with my new wig?"

READ THE BLOG ! ! !
 

Allison Wunderland's Transcend Dance
http://allisontranscend.blogspot.com/

Last Edited By: AllisonWunderland Just now. Edited 1 time

"Can we not just be normal people doing normal jobs . . . without all this academic philosophical garbage?"

 My reply to Xora on CrossDreamers

http://crossdreamlife.lefora.com/topic/656/open-view-permitted-gender-expressions-lead-fewer-gende#.WTQvUdy1vQU

I've been thinking of late about "sans sexual" and "sans gender" -- that sexuality seems ineluctable, and ineluctably problematic. Sex shares the linguistic issues of communication, although on a more "touchy/feely" plane LMAO.

Gender is semiotic, part of the communications paradigm for sex, the touchy/feely stuff.

Derrida reminds us: "All readings are mis-readings." And so I hope to engender "mis-readings" about gender inference. Problematize the hetero-normative dyad, queer the binaries . . .

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"Can we not just be normal people doing normal jobs that just want do what works to feel a bit more comfortable in ourselves, without all this academic philosophical garbage?" -- Xora
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Engineers think with a different sort of metaphysical perspective. As regards "academic/philosophical," it's my field, a retired academic still teaching and publishing.

Others assign gender to me. That's the way gender works. Currently, since I buy into "gender fluid," I'm looking at Judith Butler, Semiotics, Performative Speech Act Theoryl (J.L. Austin) and Gender Presentation, "Recasting the referent as the signified" and making the signified "intelligible." Current reads are Jack Halberstam Female Masculinity, Susan Stryker / Stephen Whittle Transgender Studies Reader (2 volumes), trans-radical feminists generally, Judith Butler et al.

Post-modern, post-structurals discourse is my theoretical field. These days we're an LLC in discourse, retired academic. We teach gender theory in an Encore seminar (retired academics). We need electrical engineers, You need academics and philosophers, more than you appreciate. Sandy Stone has a syllabus for this seminar, it's posted in my blog and linked below. "TRANS: Dangerous Border Violations"

At pushing seven decades, I'm "sans sexual" and "sans gendered" -- stone butch, gender queer, gender outlaw, post-structuralist radical trans-feminist. This is my identity, and being "queer" "non-binary," "fluid," and a litany of other referents and putative pathologies  . . . I'm simply not comfortable trying to "pass" as cis-gendered and "an invisible gender anomoly." per Jamison Green . . .

The masculinist, hetero-fascist medical hegemony has me on a dumpster fire load of meds -- in and out of the ER, in-patient hospitalization for a variety of issues related to being an old fart with cardio arrythmia, PTSD, and gender dysphoria. I tried Finasteride and it caused cardio issues (linked in this forum).

I shouldn't need to submit to invasive medical protocols when I'm not pathological and don't need to be "fixed,"

The blog goes on, and on, and on . . .

Let me see if I can post an image?



http://allisontranscend.blogspot.com/2017/04/trans-dangerous-border-violations.html

Allison Wunderland's Transcend Dance
http://allisontranscend.blogspot.com/

Last Edited By: AllisonWunderland 22 hours ago. Edited 2 times.

Judith Butler -- Semiotics, Performatives, & Gender Theory

Bibliography to die for!

Butler's work is a foundational source for me. Radical lesbian post-structuralist semiotics drawing from Foucault, Lacan . . .

Judith Butler, Hannah Arendt Chair and Professor of Philosophy at The European Graduate School / EGS.

WORKS

Books

Notes Toward a Performative Theory of Assembly (Mary Flexner Lectures of Bryn Mawr College)

Butler, Judith. Notes Toward a Performative Theory of Assemby (Mary Flexner Lectures of Bryn Mawr College). Harvard University Press, 2015. ISBN: 0674967755

Dispossession: The Performative in the Political

Butler, Judith, and Athena Athanasiou. Dispossession: The Performative in the Political. Polity, 2013. ISBN: 0745653812

Senses of the Subject

Butler, Judith. Senses of the Subject. Fordham University Press, 2015. ISBN: 082326467X

Qu'est-ce qu'une vie bonne?

Butler, Judith. Qu'est-ce qu'une vie bonne? Kindle Edition. Translated by Martin Rueff. Editions Payot, 2014. ASIN: B00JDHR8JC

Parting Ways: Jewishness and the Critique of Zionism

Butler, Judith. Parting Ways: Jewishness and the Critique of Zionism. Columbia University Press, 2013. ISBN: 0231146116

Vers la cohabitation: Judéité et critique du sionisme

Butler, Judith. Vers la cohabitation: Judéité et critique du sionisme. Translated by Gildas Le Dem. Fayard, 2013. ISBN: 2213672245

Am Scheideweg: Judentum und die Kritik am Zionismus

Butler, Judith. Am Scheideweg: Judentum und die Kritik am Zionismus. Translated by Reiner Ansén. Campus Verlag, 2013. ISBN: 3593399466

Queere Bündnisse und Antikrigspolitik

Butler, Judith. Queere Bündnisse und Antikrigspolitik. Edited by Tatiana Eggeling. Maennershwarm, 2011. ISBN: 3939542830

The Question of Gender

Butler, Judith and Elizabeth Weed. The Question of Gender: Joan W. Scott‘s Critical Feminism. Indiana University Press, 2011. ISBN: 0253356369.

The Power of Religion in the Public Sphere

Butler, Judith. The Power of Religion in the Public Sphere. Columbia University Press. 2011. ISBN: 0231156456

Ce qui fait une vie : Essai sur la violence, la guerre et le deuil

Butler, Judith. Ce qui fait une vie : Essai sur la violence, la guerre et le deuil. Translated by Joëlle Marelli. Zones, 2010. ISBN: 235522028X

Frames of War: When Is Life Grievable?

Butler, Judith. Frames of War: When Is Life Grievable? Verso. 2009. ISBN: 1844673332

Raster des Krieges: Warum wir nicht jedes Leid beklagen

Butler, Judith. Raster des Krieges: Warum wir nicht jedes Leid beklagen. Translated by Reiner Ansén. Campus Verlag, 2010. ISBN: 3593391554

Is Critique Secular: Blasphemy, Injury, and Free Speech

Butler, Judith, Talal Asad, Saba Mahmood, and Wendy Brown. Is Critique Secular: Blasphemy, Injury, and Free Speech. University of California Press, 2009. ISBN: 0982329415

Die Macht der Geschlechternormen und die Grenzen des Menschlichen

Butler, Judith. Die Macht der Geschlechternormen und die Grenzen des Menschlichen. Translated by Karin Wördemann. Suhrkamp. 2008. ISBN: 3518585053

Kritik der ethischen Gewalt: Adorno-Vorlesungen 2002

Butler, Judith. Kritik der ethischen Gewalt: Adorno-Vorlesungen 2002. Translated by Michael Adrian and Reiner Ansén. Suhrkamp, 2007. ISBN: 3518293923

Who Sings the Nation-State: Language, Politics, Belonging

Butler, Judith, and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak. Who Sings the Nation-State: Language, Politics, Belonging. Seagull Books, 2007. ISBN: 1905422571

Judith Butler in Conversation: Analyzing the Texts and Talk of Everyday Life

Butler, Judith, and Bronwyn Davies. Judith Butler in Conversation: Analyzing the Texts and Talk of Everyday Life. Routledge. 2007. ISBN: 0415956536

Giving an Account of Oneself

Butler, Judith. Giving an Account of Oneself. Fordham University Press, 2005. ISBN: 0823225046

Dar cuenta de si mismo: Violencia ética y responsabilidad

Butler, Judith. Dar cuenta de si mismo. Translated by AMORRORTU. AMORRORTU, 2009. ISBN: 9505187238

Le Récit de Soi

Butler, Judith. Le Récit de Soi. Translated by Bruno Ambroise and Valérie Aucouturie. Presses Universitaires de France, 2007. ISBN: 2130555519

The Judith Butler Reader

Butler, Judith. The Judith Butler Reader. Edited by Sara Salih. Wiley-Blackwell, 2004. ISBN: 0631225935

Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence

Butler, Judith. Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence. Verso, 2004. ISBN: 1844670058

Osäkra Liv: Sörjandets och Våldets Makt

Butler, Judith. Osäkra Liv: Sörjandets och Våldets Makt. Translated by Sarah Clyne Sundberg. Tankekraft, 2011. ISBN: 9186273205

Kırılgan Hayat: Yasın ve Şiddetin Gücü

Butler, Judith. Kırılgan Hayat: Yasın ve Şiddetin Gücü. Translated by Başak Ertür. Metis Yayınlar, 2005. ISBN: 9753425325

Gefährdetes Leben: Politische Essays

Butler, Judith. Gefährdetes Leben: Politische Essays. Translated by Karin Wördemann. Suhrkamp. 2005. ISBN: 3518123939

Undoing Gender

Butler, Judith. Undoing Gender. Routledge, 2004. ISBN: 0415969239

消解性別 / Xiao jie xing bie

Butler, Judith. 消解性別 / Xiao jie xing bie. Translated by Guo Jie. Shanghai san lian shu dian, 2009. ISBN: 7542629638

Défaire le Genre

Butler, Judith. Défaire le Genre. Translated by Maxime Cervulle. Editions Amsterdam, 2006. ISBN: 291554719X

Genus Ogjort: Kropp, Begär Och Möjlig Existens

Butler, Judith. Genus Ogjort: Kropp, Begär Och Möjlig Existens. Translated by Karin Lindeqvist. Norstedts akademiska förla, 2006. ISBN: 9172274573.

Raščinjavanje Roda

Butler, Judith. Raščinjavanje Roda. Translated by Jasmina Husanovic. Šahinpašić, 2005. ISBN: 9958411229

The Scandal of the Speaking Body: Don Juan with J. L. Austin, or Seduction in Two Languages

Butler, Judith, Shoshana Felman, and Stanley Cavell. The Scandal of the Speaking Body: Don Juan with J. L. Austin, or Seduction in Two Languages. Stanford University Press, 2002. ISBN: 080474453X

Prejudicial Appearances: The Logic of American Antidiscrimination Law

Butler, Judith, Thomas C. Grey, Reva B. Siegel, and Robert C. Post. Prejudicial Appearances: The Logic of American Antidiscrimination Law. Duke University Press, 2002. ISBN: 0822327139

Antigone's Claim: Kinship Between Life and Death

Butler, Judith. Antigone's Claim: Kinship Between Life and Death. Columbia University Press, 2000. ISBN: 0231118945

アンティゴネーの主張―問い直される親族関係

Butler, Judith. アンティゴネーの主張―問い直される親族関係. Translated by 竹村 和子. 青土社, 2012 (2002). ISBN: 4791760131

אנטיגונה : יחסי שארות בין חיים למוות / Ṭaʻanat Anṭigonah: Yaḥase Sheʼerut Ben Hayim Le-Maṿet

Butler, Judith. טענת אנטיגונה : יחסי שארות בין חיים למוות / Ṭaʻanat Anṭigonah: Yaḥase Sheʼerut Ben Hayim Le-Maṿet. Resling, 2010.

Żądanie Antygony: Rodzina Między Zyciem a Smiercią

Butler, Judith. Żądanie Antygony: Rodzina Między Zyciem a Smiercią. Translated by Mateusz Borowski and Małgorzata Sugiera. Księgarnia Akademic, 2010. ISBN: 8376380303

Antigone: La Parenté Entre Vie et Mort

Butler, Judith. Antigone: La Parenté Entre Vie et Mort. Epel. 2003. ISBN: 2908855747

Antigones Verlangen: Verwandtschaft Zwischen Leben und Tod

Butler, Judith. Antigones Verlangen: Verwandtschaft Zwischen Leben und Tod. Translated by Reiner Ansen. Suhrkamp, 2001. ISBN: 3518121871

Contingency, Hegemony, Universality: Contemporary Dialogues on the Left

Butler, Judith, Ernesto Laclau, and Slavoj Zizek. Contingency, Hegemony, Universality: Contemporary Dialogues on the Left. Verso, 2000. ISBN: 1859847579

Excitable Speech: A Politics of the Performative

Butler, Judith. Excitable Speech: A Politics of the Performative. Routledge, 1997. ISBN: 0415915872

Le Pouvoir des Mots: Discours de Haine et Politique du Performatif

Butler, Judith. Le Pouvoir des Mots: Discours de Haine et Politique du Performatif. Translated by Charlotte Nordmann. Éditions Amsterda, 2008. ISBN: 235480024X

Hass Spricht: Zur Politik des Performativen

Butler, Judith. Hass Spricht: Zur Politik des Performativen. Translated by Kathrina Menke, Markus Krist. Berlin-Verlag, 1998. ISBN: 3827001668

The Psychic Life of Power: Theories of Subjection

Butler, Judith. The Psychic Life of Power: Theories of Subjection. Stanford University Press. Stanford, 1997. ISBN: 0804728119

İktidarın Psişik Yaşamı

Butler, Judith. İktidarın Psişik Yaşamı. Translated by Fatma Tütüncü. Ayrıntı Yayınları, 2005. ISBN: 9755394427

La Vie Psychique du Pouvoir: L'Assujettissement en Theories

Butler, Judith. La Vie Psychique du Pouvoir: L'Assujettissement en Theories. Translated by Brice Matthieussent. Leo Scheer, 2003. ISBN: 2914172583

Mecanismos Psíquicos del Poder: Teorías Sobre la Sujeción

Butler, Judith. Mecanismos Psíquicos del Poder: Teorías Sobre la Sujeción. Translated by Jacqueline Cruz. Ediciones Cátedr, 2001. ISBN: 8437619394

Psyche der Macht

Butler, Judith. Psyche der Macht. Translated by Reiner Ansen. Suhrkamp, 2001. ISBN: 3518117440

Bodies that Matter: On the Discursive Limits of 'Sex'

Butler, Judith. Bodies that Matter: On the Discursive Limits of 'Sex'. Routledge, 1993. ISBN: 0415903661

Körper von Gewicht : Die Diskursiven Grenzen des Geschlechts

Butler, Judith. Körper von Gewicht : Die Diskursiven Grenzen des Geschlechts. Translated by Karin Wördemann. Suhrkamp, 2009. ISBN: 3518117378

Ces Corps Qui Comptent: De la Materialite et des Limites Discursiv

Butler, Judith. Ces Corps Qui Comptent: De la Materialite et des Limites Discursiv. Editions Amsterdam, 2009. ISBN: 235480041X

权力的精神生活: 服从的理论 / Quan li de jing shen sheng huo : fu cong de li lun

Butler, Judith. 权力的精神生活 : 服从的理论 / Quan li de jing shen sheng huo : fu cong de li lun. Jiangsu ren min chu ban she. Translated by Sheng Zhang. 2009. ISBN: 7214053667

Cuerpos que Importan: Sobre los Límites Materiales y Discursivos del "Sexo"

Butler, Judith. Cuerpos que Importan: Sobre los Límites Materiales y Discursivos del "Sexo". Paidós. 2002. ISBN: 9501238113

Tela Koja Nešto Znače: O Diskurzivnim Granicama "Spola"

Butler, Judith. Tela Koja Nešto Znače: O Diskurzivnim Granicama "Spola". Translated by Slavic Miletić. Samizdat B92, 2001. ISBN: 8679631248

Corpi Che Contano: Il Limiti Discorsivi Del'sesso

Butler, Judith. Corpi Che Contano: Il Limiti Discorsivi Del'sesso. Campi del sapere. Translated by Simona Capelli. Feltrinelli, 1996. ISBN: 8807101998

Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity

Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. Routledge, 1989. ISBN: 0415900433

Problemas de Gênero: Feminismo e Subversão da Identidade

Butler, Judith. Problemas de Gênero: Feminismo e Subversão da Identidade. Translated by Renato Aguiar. Civilização Brasileira, 2008. ISBN: 8520006116

El Género en Disputa: El Feminismo y la Subversión de la Identidad

Butler, Judith. El Género en Disputa: El Feminismo y la Subversión de la Identidad. Translated by Antonia Muño. Paidos, 2008. ISBN: 8449320305

性/別惑亂: 女性主義與身分顛覆 / bie huo luan: nü xing zhu yi yu shen fen dian fu

Butler, Judith. 性/別惑亂: 女性主義與身分顛覆/ bie huo luan: nü xing zhu yi yu shen fen dian fu. Translated by Yuting Lin. Gui guan tu shu gu fen you xian gong si, 2008. ISBN: 9577305857

Uwikłani w Płeć: Feminizm i Polityka Tożsamości

Butler, Judith. Uwikłani w Płeć: Feminizm i Polityka Tożsamości. Translated by Karolina Krasuska. Wydawnictwo Krytyki Politycznej, 2008. ISBN: 9788361006336

Trouble dans le Genre: Le Féminisme et la Subversion de L'Identité

Butler, Judith. Trouble dans le Genre: Le Féminisme et la Subversion de L'Identité. Translated by Cynthia Kraus. Preface by Éric Fass. La Découvert, 2006. ISBN: 2707150185

Težave s Spolom: Feminizem in Subverzija Identitete

Butler, Judith. Težave s Spolom: Feminizem in Subverzija Identitete. Translated by Suzana Tratnik. ŠKUC, 2001. ISBN: 961608528X

Jenda Toraburu: Feminizumu to Aidentiti no Kakuran

Butler, Judith. Jenda Toraburu: Feminizumu to Aidentiti no Kakuran. Translated by Kazuko Takemura. Seidosha, 1999.

Das Unbehagen der Geschlechter

Butler, Judith. Das Unbehagen der Geschlechter. Translated by Kathrina Menke. Suhrkamp, 1991. ISBN: 351811722X

Subjects of Desire: Hegelian Reflections in Twentieth-Century France

Butler, Judith. Subjects of Desire: Hegelian Reflections in Twentieth-Century France. Columbia University Press, 1987. ISBN: 0231064500

Sujets du désir: Réfexions Hégéliennes en France au XXº Siecle

Butler, Judith. Sujets du désir: Réfexions Hégéliennes en France au XXº Siecle. Translated by Philippe Salbot. Presses Universitaires de France, 2011. ISBN: 2130581587

Chapters

Foreword

Butler, Judith. Foreword to State of Insecurity: Government of the Precarious, by Isabell Lorey. Verso, 2015. ISBN: 1781685967

Dialogue: Antigone, Speech, Performance, Power

Butler, Judith, and Paul Rabinow. "Dialogue: Antigone, Speech, Performance, Power." In Talk, Talk, Talk: The Cultural Life of Everyday Conversation, edited by S. I. Salamensky. Routledge, 2001. ISBN: 0415921716

The End of Sexual Difference?

Butler, Judith. "The End of Sexual Difference?" In Feminist Consequences: Theory for the New Century, edited by Elisabeth Bronfen and Misha Kavka. Columbia University Press, 2001. ISBN: 0231117043

How Can I Deny That These Hands and This Body Are Mine?

Butler, Judith. "How Can I Deny That These Hands and This Body Are Mine?" In Material Events: Paul de Man and the Afterlife of Theory, edited by Tom Cohen, Barbara Cohen, J. Hillis Miller, and Andrzej Warminski. University of Minnesota Press, 2000. ISBN: 0816636141

Circuits of Bad Conscience: Nietzsche and Freud

Butler, Judith. "Circuits of Bad Conscience: Nietzsche and Freud." In Why Nietzsche Still? Reflections on Drama, Culture, Politics, edited by Alan D. Schrift. University of California Press, 2000. ISBN: 0520218523

Critically Queer

Butler, Judith. "Critically Queer." In Gender. Readers in Cultural Criticism, edited by Anna Tripp. Palgrave, 2000. ISBN: 0333770374

Ethical Ambivalence

Butler, Judith. "Ethical Ambivalence." In The Turn to Ethics. Culture Works, edited by Marjorie Garber, Beatrice Hanssen, and Rebecca L. Walkowitz. Routledge, 2000. ISBN: 0415922267

The Force of Fantasy: Feminism, Mapplethorpe, and Discursive Excess

Butler, Judith. "The Force of Fantasy: Feminism, Mapplethorpe, and Discursive Excess." In Feminism and Pornography, edited by Drucilla Cornell. Oxford University Press, 2000. ISBN: 0198782500

Performance

Butler, Judith. "Performance." In Readings: Acts of Close Reading in Literary Theory, edited by Julian Wolfreys. Edinburgh University Press, 2000. ISBN: 0748613528

Quandaries of the Incest Taboo," in Whose Freud?

Butler, Judith. "Quandaries of the Incest Taboo." In Whose Freud? The Place of Psychoanalysis in Contemporary Culture, edited by Peter Brooks and Alex Woloch. Yale University Press, 2000. ISBN: 0300087454

Subjection, Resistance, Resignification: Between Freud and Foucault

Butler, Judith. "Subjection, Resistance, Resignification: Between Freud and Foucault." In American Continental Philosophy. Studies in Continental Thought, edited by Walter Brogan and James Risser. Indiana University Press, 2000. ISBN: 0253213762

Contagious Word: Paranoia and 'Homosexuality' in the Military

Butler, Judith. "Contagious Word: Paranoia and 'Homosexuality' in the Military." In The Good Citizen, edited by David Batstone and Eduardo Mendieta. Routledge, 2001. ISBN: 0415929083

Headnote to Stanley Fish's 'There's No Such Thing as Free Speech, and It's a Good Thing, Too

Butler, Judith. "Headnote to Stanley Fish's 'There's No Such Thing as Free Speech, and It's a Good Thing, Too,'" in The Stanley Fish Reader, ed. H. Aram Veeser . Blackwell, 1999. ISBN: 0631204393

Performativity's Social Magic

Butler, Judith. "Performativity's Social Magic." In Bourdieu: A Critical Reader, edited by Richard Shusterman. Blackwell, 1998. ISBN: 0631188185

Afterword

Butler, Judith. Afterword to Butch/Femme: Inside Lesbian Gender, by Sally R. Munt. Cassell, 1999. ISBN: 030433958X

Foreword

Butler, Judith. Foreword to The Erotic Bird: Phenomenology in Literature, by Maurice Natanso. Princeton University Press, 1998. ISBN: 0691012199

Moral Sadism and Doubting One's Own Love

Butler, Judith. "Moral Sadism and Doubting One's Own Love." In Reading Melanie Klein, edited by john Phillips and Lyndsey Stonebridge. Routledge, 1998. ISBN: 0415162378

Ruled Out: Vocabularies of the Censor

Butler, Judith. "Ruled Out: Vocabularies of the Censor." In Censorship and Silencing: Practices of Cultural Regulation, edited by Robert C. Post. Getty, 1998. ISBN: 0486267881

Selection from Bodies that Matter

Butler, Judith. "Selection from Bodies that Matter." In Body and Flesh: A Philosophical Reader, edited by Donn Welton. Blackwell, 1998. ISBN: 1577181263

Passing Queering: Nella Larsen's Psychoanalytic Challenge

Butler, Judith. "Passing Queering: Nella Larsen's Psychoanalytic Challenge." In Female Subjects in Black and White: Race, Psychoanalysis, Feminism, edited by Elizabeth Abel, Barbara Christian and Helene Moglen. University of California Press, 1997. ISBN: 0520206304

Subjects of Sex/Gender/Desire

Butler, Judith. "Subjects of Sex/Gender/Desire." In Feminisms, edited by Sandra Kemp, Judith Squires. Oxford Readers, 1997. ISBN: 0192892703

Excerpt from 'Introduction' to Bodies that Matter

Butler, Judith. "Excerpt from 'Introduction' to Bodies that Matter." In The Gender/Sexuality Reader: Culture, History, Political Economy, edited by Roger N. Lancaster and Michaela di Leonardo. Routledge, 1997. ISBN: 0415910056

Gender Is Burning: Questions of Appropriation and Subversion

Butler, Judith. "Gender Is Burning: Questions of Appropriation and Subversion." In Dangerous Liaisons: Gender, Nation, and Postcolonial Perspectives. Cultural Politics, 11, edited by Anne McClintock, Aamir Mufti, and Ella Shohat. University of Minnesota Press, 1997. ISBN: 0816626499

Imitation and Gender Subordination

Butler, Judith. "Imitation and Gender Subordination." In The Second Wave: A Reader in Feminist Theory, edited by Linda Nicholson. Routledge, 1997. ISBN: 0415917611

Desire

Butler, Judith. "Desire." In Critical Terms for Literary Study, edited by Frank Lentricchia and Thomas McLaughlin. University of Chicago Press, 1995. ISBN: 0226472035

For a Careful Reading

Butler, Judith. "For a Careful Reading." In Feminist Contentions: A Philosophical Exchange, 127-143. Routledge, 1995. ISBN: 0415910862

Stubborn Attachment, Bodily Subjection: Rereading Hegel on the Unhappy Consciousness

Butler, Judith. "Stubborn Attachment, Bodily Subjection: Rereading Hegel on the Unhappy Consciousness." In Intersections: Nineteenth-Century Philosophy and Contemporary Theory, edited by Tilottama Rajan and David L. Clark. State University of New York Press, 1995. ISBN: 0791422577

Attachement obstiné et assujettissement corporel--Relire Hegel à propos de la conscience malheureuse

Butler, Judith. "Attachement obstiné et assujettissement corporel--Relire Hegel à propos de la conscience malheureuse." Translated by Michel Vakaloulis. In Hegel passé, Hegel à venir, edited by Claude Amey and Henri Maler. Editions l'Harmattan, 1995.

Subjection, Resistance, Resignification: Between Freud and Foucault

Butler, Judith. "Subjection, Resistance, Resignification: Between Freud and Foucault." In The Identity in Question, edited by John Rajchman. Routledge, 1995. ISBN: 0415906180

Thresholds of Melancholy

Butler, Judith. "Thresholds of Melancholy." In The Prism of the Self: Philosophical Essays in Honor of Maurice Natanson, edited by Steven Galt Crowell. Kluwer, 1995. ISBN: 0792335465

Burning Acts-Injurious Speech

Butler, Judith. "Burning Acts-Injurious Speech." In Performativity and Performance, edited by Andrew Parker and Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, 197-227. Routledge, 1995.

Burning Acts: Injurious Speech

Butler, Judith. "Burning Acts: Injurious Speech." In Deconstruction is/in America: A New Sense of the Political, edited by Anselm Haverkamp, 149-180. New York University Press, 1995.

Collected and Fractured: Response to Identities

Butler, Judith. "Collected and Fractured: Response to Identities." In Identities, edited by Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates, Jr., 439-447. University of Chicago Press, 1995.

The Body Politics of Julia Kristeva

Butler, Judith. "The Body Politics of Julia Kristeva." In Ethics, Politics, and Difference in Julia Kristeva's Writings: A Collection of Essays, edited by Kelly Oliver. Routledge, 1993. ISBN: 0415907047

Critical Exchanges: The Symbolic and Questions of Gender

Butler, Judith. "Critical Exchanges: The Symbolic and Questions of Gender." In Questioning Foundations: Truth/Subjectivity/Culture, edited by Hugh J. Silverman. Routledge, 1993. ISBN: 0415906245

Endangered/Endangering: Schematic Racism and White Paranoia

Butler, Judith. "Endangered/Endangering: Schematic Racism and White Paranoia." In Reading Rodney King/Reading Urban Uprising, edited by Robert Gooding-Williams. Routledge, 1993. ISBN: 0415907357

A Skeptical Feminist Postscript to the Postmodern

Butler, Judith. "A Skeptical Feminist Postscript to the Postmodern." In Postmodernism Across the Ages: Essays for a Postmodernity That Wasn't Born Yesterday, edited by Bill Readings and Bennet Schaber. Syracuse University Press, 1993. ISBN: 0815625774

Gender

Butler, Judith. "Gender." In Feminism and Psychoanalysis: A Critical Dictionary, edited by Elizabeth Wright, et al. Blackwell, 1992. ISBN: 0631183477

Kierkegaard's Speculative Despair

Butler, Judith. "Kierkegaard's Speculative Despair." In The Age of German Idealism, edited by Robert C. Solomon and Kathleen Marie Higgins. Routledge, 1993. ISBN: 0415056047

Repenser la politique et l'ontologie ou 'répétition et oubli

Butler, Judith. "Repenser la politique et l'ontologie ou 'répétition et oubli'." Translated by Arno Mayer. In Penser après Heidegger. La Philosophie en commun, edited by Jacques Poulain and Wolfgang Schirmacher, 125-134. L'Harmattan, 1992. ISBN: 2738410642

Sexual Inversions: Rereading the End of Foucault's History of Sexuality, Vol. I

Butler, Judith. "Sexual Inversions: Rereading the End of Foucault's History of Sexuality, Vol. I." In Discourses of Sexuality: From Aristotle to AIDS, edited by Domna C. Stanton. University of Michigan Press, 1992. ISBN: 0472065130

Imitation and Gender Insubordination

Butler, Judith. "Imitation and Gender Insubordination." In Inside/Out: Lesbian Theories, Gay Theories, edited by Diana Fuss. Routledge, 1999. ISBN: 0415902371

Imitation and Gender Insubordination

Butler, Judith. "Imitation and Gender Insubordination." In The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader, edited by Henry Abelove, Michèle Aina Barale, and David M. Halperin. Routledge, 1993. ISBN: 0415905192

The Nothing that Is: Wallace Stevens' Hegelian Affinities

Butler, Judith. "The Nothing that Is: Wallace Stevens' Hegelian Affinities." In Theorizing American Literature: Hegel, the Sign, and History, ed. Bainard Cowan, and Joseph G. Kronick. Louisiana State University Press, 1991. ISBN: 0807116289

Gender Trouble, Feminist Theory, and Psychoanalytic Discourse

Butler, Judith. "Gender Trouble, Feminist Theory, and Psychoanalytic Discourse." In Feminism/Postmodernism, edited by Linda J. Nicholson. Routledge, 1990. ISBN: 041590059X

Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980)

Butler, Judith. "Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980)." In European Writers: The Twentieth Century, ed. George Stade. MacMillan Publishing Company, 1990. ISBN: 0684179164

The Pleasures of Repetition

Butler, Judith. "The Pleasures of Repetition." In Pleasure Beyond the Pleasure Principle. The Role of Affect in Motivation, Development, and Adaptation, Vol. 1, edited by Robert A. Glick and Stanley Bone. Yale University Press, 1990. ISBN: 0300047932

Commentary on Joseph Flay's 'Hegel, Derrida and Bataille's Laughter'

Butler, Judith. "Commentary on Joseph Flay's 'Hegel, Derrida and Bataille's Laughter'." In Hegel and His Critics: Philosophy in the Aftermath of Hegel, edited by William Desmond. State University of New York Press, 1989. ISBN: 0887066682

Sexual Ideology and Phenomenological Description: A Feminist Critique of Merleau-Ponty'sPhenomenology of Perception

Butler, Judith. "Sexual Ideology and Phenomenological Description: A Feminist Critique of Merleau-Ponty's Phenomenology of Perception." In The Thinking Muse: Feminism and Modern French Philosophy, edited by Jeffner Allen and Marion Young. Indiana University Press, 1989. ISBN: 0253359805

Gendering the Body: Beauvoir's Political Contribution

Butler, Judith. "Gendering the Body: Beauvoir's Political Contribution." In Women, Knowledge, and Reality: Explorartions in Feminist Philosophy, edited by Ann Garry and Marilyn Pearsall. Unwin Hyman, 1989. ISBN: 9780044452225

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Susan Stryker -- My Words To Victor Frankenstein Above The Village of Chamonix

Susan Stryker -- "My Words To Victor Frankenstein Above The Village of Chamonix" in GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian & Gay Studies, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp 227-254, (Philadelphia: Gordon & Breach Science Publishers, 1994).

Notes:

2) The currrent meaning of the term "transgender" is a matter of some debate. The word was originally coined as a noun in the 1970's by people who resisted categorization as either transvestites or transsexuals, and who used the term to describe their own identity. Unlike transsexuals, but like transvestites, transgenders do not seek surgical alteration of their bodies but do habitually wear clothing the represents a gender other than the one to which they were assigned at birth. Unlike transvestites but like transsexuals, however, transgenders do not alter the vestimentary coding of their gender only episodically or primarily for sexual gratification; rather they consistently and publicly express an ongoing commitment to their claimed gender identities through the same visual representational strategies used by others to signify that gender. The logic underlying this terminology reflects the widespread tendency to construe "gender" as the socio-cultural manifestation of material "sex." Thus, while transsexuals express their identities through a physical change of embodiment, transgenders do so through a non-corporeal change in public gender expression [presentation] that is nevertheless more complex than a simple change of clothes.

This essay uses "transgender" in a more recent sense, however, than its original one. That is, I use it here as an umbrella term that refers to all identities or practices that cross over, cut across, move between, or otherwise, queer socially constructed sex/gender boundaries. The term includes, but is not limited to, transsexuality, heterosexual transvestism, gay, drag, butch lesbianism, and such non-European identities as the Native American berdache or the Indian Hijra. Like "queer," "transgender" may also be used as a verb or as an adjective. In this essay, transsexuality is considered to be a culturally and historically specific transgender practice/identity through which a transgendered subject enters into a relationship with medical, psychotherapeutic, and juridical institutions in order to gain access to certain hormonal and surgical technologies for enacting and embodying itself.

Recasting the Referent

"Recasting the referent as the signified" -- Judith Butler, Bodies That Matter: On the Discursive Limits of "Sex"

We've been reading from an historical perspective as regards whatever it is we're discussing in this sex/gender orientation issue. We use the phrase "whatever it is" because the referent keeps recasting. 

What is the signified to which we refer? 

Foucault notes that "homosexual" as a concept emerged somewhere late 19th or early 20th Century as an outcome of statistical distribution compiled by Kinsey and others. On the bell curve distribution of sexuality "homosexual" falls a couple standard deviations from the norm -- a couple standard deviations from the "hetero-normative dyad." Accordingly, because of homosexual orientation falling outside the normative standard, it was labeled (referent) as "deviant."

Let's note for the sake of illustration here that Albert Einstein falls a couple standard deviations from the norm and is by definition "deviant." Einstein is deviant, but arguably not pathological. 

Accordingly, it is a simple move to recast "deviant" as "pathological," and it was not until 1974 that the DSM moved "homosexual" off the list of "pathological sexuality."  Homosexuality may be statistically deviant, but homosexuality is not pathological. (Although some teleological schema appertaining to sexual conduct would disagree.) There are admittedly homosexual persons whose sexual behaviors are pathological, but it's not on account of their sex choices for partners. 

This sexual orientation that constitutes "trans" is statistically "deviant" -- outside the hetero-normative dyad. DSM 5 just recast the referent for this group. No longer "Sex/Gender ID Disorder" this ontological status has been recast as "Gender Dysphoria."  Moreover, it's only "dysphoria" when this sex/gender identity "causes significant distress in daily functioning." 

Revision of the DSM 5 argues a rationale that those seeking medical treatment for sex/gender issues need to have a diagnostic code that affords providers a referent that qualifies for medical care. In essence "dysphoria" retains the status of a pathology. 

And so, the [hetero-fascist masculinist] medical establishment has come up with a litany of referents connoting pathological "disorders" for those of us who are not ontologically situate in the hetero-normative dyad: 

Transvestite, transvestic fetishism, cross-dresser, gender ID disorder, gender dysphoria, transsexual, transgender, trans, butch, dyke, non-binary, queer, invert, sexual deviant (pathos), drag queen, drag king, etc . . .  

What is this signified that these pathologically denotative referents signify? Our field (arguably lacking a non-pathological, significantly neutral, non pejorative referent) comprises those of us who identify outside the hetero-normative dyad.
 

Our field asserts that sex is a biological function and that gender comprises a socio-cultural construct. Culturally, gender adheres to a dyadic schema of "male" and "female" -- derived from a biological basis for reproductive function.The current "trans" status is that individuals with "dysphoria" may require "transition" from presentation as one gender to presentation as the other gender. 

And of course the [hetero-fascist masculinist] medical hegemony provides "treatment" for these pathologies -- with a fiscally incentivized boost from Big Pharma. "We have drugs and surgery for these pathologies."

We are provided with two choices: male or female. These two options are determined by the hetero-normative dyad that recognizes two sexes, male/female. But gender presentation is a socio-culturally determined paradigm of semes which convey socio-linguistically (socio-culturally) one's sexual status. The literature in "trans" (transmogrified referent forthcoming . . . ) cites a litany of gender presentation which fundamentally serves as a social code for conveying one's sexual/gender status. This gender coding is arguably a linguistic dialect that is "read" by the linguistic "in group" and too often "mis-read" by socio-cultural out-group individuals. 

Because the signified/signifier relationship is arbitrary (F. DeSaussure, Course In General Linguistics, 1916 ) The signifiers of gender are often mis-read. E.g. Is a trans cis-M who presents "gender fluid," "gender ambiguous," "non-binary," "trans-female" or any other number of signifying terms for gender identity, is this person a "trans male" or a "trans-female" ??? Let us add to this interpretive quandary that this person may be sexually attracted to those of the same sex, the opposite sex, or both. How is this "gender code" read? How is it mis-read? Is it "intelligible" ???

Currently we have a medical hegemony which somewhat reluctantly and without a great deal of informed socio-cultural insight will "transition" individuals -- surgery and hormones -- into "the other sex." This transitional procedure has been called SRS (sex reassignment surgery), and is now referred to as "gender confirmation," "gender resolution" etc.

The histories of these medical interventions read like a chapter from Frankenstein. 

In surgical transition male to "female" the testes are removed (orchiectomy), the penis is literally skinned, turned inside out and inserted through the pelvis into the abdomen. (Penile inversion technique) There this structure is secured (sutured) into place and the "vagina" it creates must be systematically dilated with a "form" (dildo) to keep the tissues from adhering, closing up, and otherwise compromising sexual penetration. Vaginoplasties -- surgical construction of a vagina, labia, etc. often results in loss of nerve sensation. Adhesions are common, as are infection and loss of sensation in the surrounding tissues. Removal of the testes necessitates a lifetime of HRT (hormone replacement therapy).  Lack of androgens (testosterone) puts the individual at risk for osteo and cardio issues. 

Female to male surgeries are every bit as complex and raise an array of medical issues.The "Pedicle Flap" procedure entails grafting skin from the radial forearm or interior thigh, forming a "double tube" and securing this structure to the pubis/and thigh in order to provide blood supply. Invariably this structure/procedure is described as "resembling a suitcase handle." Like M to F surgeries, this procedure is fraught with post-operative complication. Moreover, the "penile structure" does not function anything like a penis, cannot pass urine, cannot become erect. 

But we digress -- Google provides an exhaustive reference to both these procedures. 

Let us assert here that medical science cannot turn a female into a male, nor a male into a female. At best these procedures are superficial and cosmetic. And then we have the whole existential/ontological issue of the person not being socio-culturally reared in the target gender.

Let us further assert that it is not one's biological sex which engenders dysphoria. Rather it is the socio-cultural paradigm of the hetero-normative gender dyad which instills dysphoria. Gender dysphoria might be considered (should be considered) a cultural/linguistic issue rather than an ontological pathology. 

Gender as a socio-cultural issue has significant influence upon one's epistemology. The socio-culturally constructed gender dyad is fixed, rigid and dogmatic. This dogma is the foundation for TERF (Trans Exclusive Radical Feminist) rejection/exclusion of "trans-women" from "women only" functions. The TERF argument is that men who become "trans-women" are not women, but rather they are men in masquerade and interlopers with an epistemology of "male privilege."

The ontological question then is how do we signify those [of us] who do not comfortably conform to the dogma of the socio-cultural gender dyad? What is the signified that all these referents signify?

------------- in revision ---------------------------